globalflyfisher has a whole series of how to build a bamboo rod. See articles by Harry Boyd.
As far as maintenance, dry after use, clean guides every now and then, keep ferrules clean and fish it.
Can they be fixed. Yes,. I sold a guy a rod who liked to fall down lots. Over the summer it was back 4 times for breaks. Rods can't support 250 lbs.
Do they limit your catch - that depends. I use graphite for rods 7 weight and better. Bamboo for lighter lines, more accurate casting and technical fishing.
Catch ya,
Don